ci: assert the published image still contains the toolchain the gates need

This image is a TOOLCHAIN, so "it built" is not the property worth checking —
"it still contains what the repo's gates shell out to" is.

It exists because the hand-built image had drifted from this Dockerfile: the
deployed ci3 carried gcc, musl-dev, python3 and py3-yaml, the Dockerfile did
not, and rebuilding from the Dockerfile silently dropped them. Gitea CI then
failed at "credentials-coverage: need python3" without reaching the tests at
all. Nothing in the pipeline objected, because every check asked whether the
image built, not what was in it.

Asserts python3 with a working yaml import, gcc, node, bash, make, curl, tar
and git-http-backend, on BOTH architectures — a package that resolves on amd64
but not arm64 would otherwise reach half the nodes unnoticed.

Verified the check can actually FAIL, which is the only property that makes it
worth having: against the bare forgejo/runner:12.11.1 it reports python3+yaml,
gcc, node and git-http-backend all MISSING; with the packages installed it
reports 3.12.14 and ok for the rest.

.github/workflows/build-image.yml

@@ -91,3 +91,47 @@ jobs:
             echo "$out" | grep -q "linux/$want" || { echo "::error::published image is missing linux/$want"; exit 1; }
           done
           echo "✓ ${IMAGE}:${{ inputs.tag }} carries linux/amd64 and linux/arm64"
+
+      # The image is a TOOLCHAIN, so "it built" is not the property that matters
+      # — "it still contains what the gates shell out to" is. This exists because
+      # a hand-built image had drifted from this Dockerfile: the deployed ci3
+      # carried gcc, musl-dev, python3 and py3-yaml, the Dockerfile did not, and
+      # rebuilding from the Dockerfile silently dropped them. CI runs then failed
+      # at "credentials-coverage: need python3" instead of running the tests.
+      #
+      # Asserted on BOTH architectures, because a package that resolves on amd64
+      # and not on arm64 would otherwise reach half the nodes unnoticed.
+      - name: Verify the image still contains the toolchain the gates need
+        if: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.push == 'true' }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          REF="${IMAGE}:${{ inputs.tag }}"
+          fail=0
+          for plat in linux/amd64 linux/arm64; do
+            echo "── $plat"
+            out=$(docker run --rm --platform "$plat" --entrypoint sh "$REF" -c '
+              set -u
+              py=$(python3 -c "import yaml,sys;print(sys.version.split()[0])" 2>/dev/null) \
+                && echo "python3+yaml=$py" || echo "python3+yaml=MISSING"
+              command -v gcc      >/dev/null && echo "gcc=ok"      || echo "gcc=MISSING"
+              command -v node     >/dev/null && echo "node=ok"     || echo "node=MISSING"
+              command -v bash     >/dev/null && echo "bash=ok"     || echo "bash=MISSING"
+              command -v make     >/dev/null && echo "make=ok"     || echo "make=MISSING"
+              command -v curl     >/dev/null && echo "curl=ok"     || echo "curl=MISSING"
+              command -v tar      >/dev/null && echo "tar=ok"      || echo "tar=MISSING"
+              [ -x "$(git --exec-path)/git-http-backend" ] \
+                && echo "git-http-backend=ok" || echo "git-http-backend=MISSING"
+            ' 2>&1) || { echo "::error::could not run $REF on $plat"; fail=1; continue; }
+            echo "$out"
+            if echo "$out" | grep -q MISSING; then
+              echo "$out" | grep MISSING | while read -r l; do
+                echo "::error::$plat is missing a required tool: $l"
+              done
+              fail=1
+            fi
+          done
+          [ "$fail" = 0 ] || {
+            echo "::error::The published image lost a tool the repo's gates depend on. Restore it in the Dockerfile — do not weaken this check."
+            exit 1
+          }
+          echo "✓ toolchain intact on both architectures"